Bioartificial lung

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• By Siju J Seena

Lung disease is one of the diseases that kill millions of people every year for which liver transplantation acts as definitive therapy. Even this method of treatment is becoming limited owing to donor organ shortage and the need for immunosuppression and this has made bioartificial lung engineering to be a promising approach. Transplantable bioartificial lung employing bioengineering and stem cell technology for the most severe form of lung disease is undergoing research with promising results. The transplantation of biografts in animal models has proved to be successful in recent times. To regenerate functional lung tissue, a scaffold with a natural extracellular matrix maintaining microstructure and biosignalling is first produced by decellularisation of native tissue. This is then recellularised with suitable cell types, such as embryonic and adult stem cells, induced pluripotent stem cells, etc. Further, appropriate mathematical models are developed for predicting gas exchange performance. The creation of a fully functional artificial human lung transplant similar to a donor organ will become a reality in the near future.

Keywords: Bioartificial, Lung, Tissue, Scaffold, Transplant, Immunosuppression, Lung disease

Image source:
Photo by Harald C Ott, available under Open Access at https://www.abc.net.au/news/2010-07-14/artificial-lung-a-recellularized-lung-in-a/904154?nw=0

Citation:
Siju J Seena. Bioartificial lung. The Torch. 2020. 1 (4).
Available from: https://www.styvalley.com/pub/magazines/torch/read/bioartificial-lung/.

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